1. Question: Infants are most susceptible to significant losses in total body water because of an infant’s:

2. Question: The drug heparin acts in hemostasis by which processes?

3. Question: Which cells have phagocytic properties similar to monocytes and contract like smooth muscles cells, thereby influencing the glomerular filtration rate?

4. Question: Erythrocyte life span of less than 120 days, ineffective bone marrow response to erythropoietin, and altered iron metabolism describe the pathophysiologic characteristics of which type of anemia?

5. Question: Which blood cell type is elevated at birth but decreases to adult levels during the first year of life?

6. Question: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is associated with which type of hypersensitivity reaction?

7. Question: Which drug may be prescribed orally for outbreak management of herpes simplex viral (HSV) infections?

8. Question: Which substance has been shown to increase the risk of cancer when used in combination with tobacco smoking?

9. Question: An infant’s hemoglobin must fall below ___ g/dl before signs of pallor, tachycardia, and systolic murmurs occur.

10. Question: How high does the plasma glucose have to be before the threshold for glucose is achieved?

11. Question: Which disorder results in decreased erythrocytes and platelets with changes in leukocytes and has clinical manifestations of pallor, fatigue, petechiae, purpura, bleeding, and fever?

12. Question: Deficiencies in which element can produce depression of both B- and T-cell function?

13. Question: Apoptosis is a(an):

14. Question: The only surface inside the nephron where cells are covered with microvilli to increase the reabsorptive surface area is called the:

15. Question: The coronary ostia are located in the:

16. Question: Causes of hyperkalemia include:

17. Question: Why is nasal congestion a serious threat to young infants?

18. Question: Continuous increases in left ventricular filing pressures result in which disorder?

19. Question: What is the first stage in the infectious process?

20. Question: Which type of immunity is produced by an individual after either natural exposure to the antigen or after immunization against the antigen?

21. Question: What are the abnormalities in cytokines found in children with cystic fibrosis (CF)?

22. Question: What substance stimulates renal hydroxylation in the process of producing vitamin D?

23. Question: When a patient has small, vesicular lesions that last between 10 and 20 days, which sexually transmitted infection is suspected?

24. Question: Which organ is stimulated during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)?

25. Question: Which primary characteristic is unique for the immune response?

26. Question: What is the fundamental physiologic manifestation of anemia?

27. Question: Hypersensitivity is best defined as a(an):

28. Question: What is the life span of an erythrocyte (in days)?

29. Question: The risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) decreases for premature infants when they are born between how many weeks of gestation?

30. Question: Research supports the premise that exercise has a probable impact on reducing the risk of which cancer?

31. Question: Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma?

32. Question: Causes of hyperkalemia include:

33. Question: An individual is more susceptible to infections of mucous membranes when he or she has a seriously low level of which immunoglobulin antibody?

34. Question: What is the primary site for uncomplicated local gonococci infections in men?

35. Question: Decreased lung compliance means that the lungs are demonstrating which characteristic?

36. Question: Which organism is a common sexually transmitted bacterial infection?

37. Question: The Papanicolaou (Pap) test is used to screen for which cancer?

38. Question: What is the ratio of coronary capillaries to cardiac muscle cells?

39. Question: Which laboratory test is considered adequate for an accurate and reliable diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in a symptomatic man?