Pollination, its Scientific Significance, and the Role it Plays on the Environment
A fully developed plant has both male and female parts on its structure. To reproduce sexually, plants have to under pollination that proceeds fertilization to create an ovary that will mature into a complete plant. The process of pollination involves the transfer of the male gametes from the anther to the filament. The process of pollination can take place in two ways, either self or cross-pollination. The process of self-pollination takes place by the movement of pollen grains within the same plant. On the other hand, cross-pollination takes place between different plants.
Self-pollination is always disadvantageous as it may lead to the transfer of undesirable traits while cross-pollination is the best alternative as it leads to cross-breeding which produces hybrid offspring. The scientific significance of pollination is the production of seeds and fruits, this creates a chance for the production of more plants. Pollination is a vital process that has high significance to the environment (Phetole & Phatlane,2018).
Importance of Pollination to The Environment
Cleaning of air, the process of pollination leads to the utilization of carbon dioxide by the plants and the release of oxygen to the environment hence cleaning the air.
Reproduction, pollination plays a vital role in ensuring the continuity of plants in the landscape through the reproduction of offspring sexually.
Purification of soil and water, the water cycle the process of evapotranspiration and it depends on plants to return moisture to the atmosphere then creates rain and, in the process, water is purified through evaporation leaving behind toxic minerals. Plants also play a role in anchoring to prevent erosion. Without pollination and reproduction of plants, all this will be impossible and the environment would not be conducive for human and animal survival (Vikas et al,2016).
Conclusion.
The process of pollination is a complex step that involves the transfer of pollen grains for growth and reproduction in plants. Plants produce fruits and seeds that are not only essential for their continuity but also important for human consumption. Pollination also plays a key role in the environment through the purification of air and water and the prevention of soil erosion.

 
References
Phetole Mangena and Phatlane William Mokwala (June 6th, 2018). Introductory Chapter: Pollination, Pollination in Plants, Phatlane William Mokwala, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.77227. Available from: https://www.intechopen.com/books/pollination-in-plants/introductory-chapter-pollination
Tscharntke, T. 2007. Importance of pollinators in changing landscapes for world crops. In: Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 274: 303-313.
Vikas Tandon, Ankush Kumar, Chanchal Rana and Abhishek Rana (August 2016). Pollination – Its Type, Threats, and Role in Environment Conservation. International Journal of Current Research Vol. 8, Issue, 08, pp.35744-35751

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